Oceanographers include ocean scientists, ocean engineers and ocean technicians. Ocean scientists take measurements and samples at sea, obtain "remote sensing" data from artificial earth satellites, perform laboratory experiments, analyse data and perform simulations of ocean phenomena with numerical models on computers.

There are several branches of oceanography:

(a) Physical oceanographers study water masses and currents of the ocean, formation of water masses, and the driving forces that energise and shape the water's motion as currents or undulating waves. They explore the interaction between the ocean and atmosphere, and the relationship between the sea, weather and climate.

(b) Chemical oceanographers are concerned with chemical compounds and their reactions. The interactions due to solar energy, among atmospheric compounds, dissolved and suspended oceanic organic and inorganic material, sea-life and the seafloor are studied.

(c) Biological oceanographers learn about aquatic animals and plants and their complex interrelationships with other sea life, organic and inorganic substances, and energy and sources of energy in the seawater and seafloor.

(d) Geological and geophysical oceanographers study the origin of seafloor sediments and rocks and the causes for their patterns in which they exist.

Oceanographers work for the government, private industry and in universities. They work in research, education, problem-solving, and regulatory and administrative roles.

Eligibility: Study ocean engineering at graduate or under graduate level. You can also specialise in oceanography at the postgraduate level after having studied one of the fundamental science fields at the undergraduate level, such as physics, chemistry, biology or geology. You need to have a keen interest in science, especially physical and earth sciences. You should also be adept at working with numbers and computers.

M.Sc. Marine Sciences and M.Sc. Marine Biotechnlogy

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